Orthognathic surgery, also known as corrective jaw surgery, is a sophisticated medical procedure that helps align and reposition the jaws to improve both function and facial aesthetics. This comprehensive guide will explain what orthognathic surgery entails, who might need it, and what to expect throughout the process.
What is Orthognathic Surgery?
Orthognathic surgery is a specialized procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons to correct irregularities of the jaw bones and realign the jaws and teeth. This surgery can improve breathing, speaking, chewing, and facial appearance. It's often performed in conjunction with orthodontic treatment to achieve optimal results.
Who Needs Orthognathic Surgery?
Candidates for orthognathic surgery typically include individuals with:
- Severe bite problems (malocclusion) that can't be corrected with orthodontics alone
- Facial asymmetry
- Difficulty chewing, biting, or swallowing
- Speech problems
- Sleep apnea
- Protruding or receding jaw
- Chronic jaw pain or TMJ disorders
- Facial injury or birth defects
- Open bite (upper and lower teeth don't meet)
- Chronic mouth breathing and dry mouth
The Evaluation Process:
Before recommending orthognathic surgery, we conduct a thorough evaluation that includes:
- Clinical examination
- Detailed medical history
- Photographs of your face and teeth
- X-rays and 3D imaging
- Dental impressions
- Bite analysis
Treatment Planning:
The treatment process typically involves several phases:
Pre-surgical Orthodontics (12-18 months):
- Alignment of teeth
- Dental arch coordination
- Preparation for optimal surgical outcomes
Surgical Phase:
- Hospital-based procedure under general anesthesia
- Precise cuts in the jaw bones
- Repositioning of jaws
- Internal fixation with plates and screws
- Usually requires 2-4 days hospital stay
Post-surgical Phase:
- Initial recovery (6-8 weeks)
- Continued orthodontic treatment
- Regular follow-up appointments
The Surgical Procedure:
During surgery, your surgeon will:
- Make incisions inside your mouth (avoiding visible external scars)
- Cut and reposition the jaw bones according to the treatment plan
- Secure the bones with titanium plates and screws
- Close the incisions with dissolvable stitches
Recovery and Aftercare:
Immediate Post-Surgery (1-2 weeks):
- Facial swelling and bruising
- Liquid diet
- Pain management
- Cold compression therapy
- Limited physical activity
Weeks 2-6:
- Gradual decrease in swelling
- Soft food diet
- Return to light activities
- Regular follow-up appointments
Months 2-6:
- Progressive return to normal diet
- Continued orthodontic adjustments
- Increasing physical activity
- Monitoring of healing and bite alignment
Expected Results:
Most patients can expect:
- Improved facial harmony and balance
- Better bite function
- Enhanced chewing ability
- Improved speech
- Better breathing
- Reduced jaw pain
- Increased self-confidence
Potential Risks and Complications:
As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Nerve injury
- Relapse
- TMJ issues
- Numbness (usually temporary)
- Need for revision surgery
Insurance and Cost Considerations:
Orthognathic surgery may be covered by medical insurance when deemed medically necessary. Coverage typically includes:
- Pre-surgical workup
- Hospital stays
- Surgical fees
- Post-operative care
However, associated orthodontic treatment might require separate dental insurance coverage or out-of-pocket payment.
Long-term Success:
The success of orthognathic surgery depends on:
- Careful treatment planning
- Skilled surgical execution
- Patient compliance with post-operative instructions
- Regular follow-up care
- Completion of post-surgical orthodontic treatment
Conclusion:
Orthognathic surgery is a transformative procedure that can significantly improve both function and aesthetics for patients with jaw irregularities. While the process requires commitment and patience, the long-term benefits often far outweigh the temporary challenges of surgery and recovery.
If you're considering orthognathic surgery, we encourage you to schedule a consultation to discuss your specific case and determine if this treatment option is right for you. Our experienced team will guide you through every step of the process, ensuring you're well-informed and comfortable with your treatment plan.
Schedule your consultation today to learn more about how orthognathic surgery can help improve your oral health and quality of life.